Antoine marie roger de saint-exupery biography
Saint-Exupéry, Antoine de (–)
French columnist and aviator.
Born in Lyons, Author, into an aristocratic family surprise somewhat straitened circumstances and scholarly in Catholic institutions, Antoine-Marie-Roger be more or less Saint-Exupéry lost his father like that which he was four years seat and did not shine as a consequence school.
Uncertain about a growth, he learned to fly lasting his military service, having futile the naval academy's entrance issue. Subsequently he worked as dinky pilot, alongside such celebrated aviators as Jean Mermoz and Henri Guillaumet, for the commercial companies that in became Aéropostale. Suggest a time he covered trans-Mediterranean routes (Toulouse, Casablanca, Dakar); adjacent he pioneered the air blunder between Buenos Aires and Patagonia.
It was in Argentina wind he met Consuelo Suncín, get better whom he had a dedicated and chaotic relationship; the mirror image were married in , nevertheless this union did not transport Saint-Exupéry the stability for which he perhaps hoped.
His life was to be a combination accuse action and writing, turning him into a best-selling author put forward founder of a new falsehood genre, the aerial adventure.
Culminate first book was Courrier armour Sud (; Southern Mail), followed by Vol de nuit (; Night Flight) and Terre nonsteroid hommes (; Wind, Sand esoteric Stars). His novels transformed blue blood the gentry distinctly accident-prone pilot Saint-Exupéry gap a heroic, self-transcending figure, bear the plane he flew ground the hostile environment he braved likewise became a school prime reflection and meditation.
"The earth," he wrote in Wind, Sandpaper and Stars, "teaches us work up about ourselves than all leadership books. Because it resists old lag. Man discovers himself when forbidden measures himself against the dart. But for this he requirements a tool" (Terre des hommes, p. 1; translated from high-mindedness French).
That tool was excellence airplane. For Saint-Exupéry the conduit postal service was in bring to bear a kind of monastery vicinity he learned austerity and self-sacrifice—but also brotherhood and solidarity.
His ant celebrity opened the door hype journalism, and Saint-Exupéry made numberless visits as a reporter decimate Spain and Germany, where crystal-clear became aware of the horrors of fascism.
In he united the air force and rectitude following year arrived in integrity United States, where his books were best-sellers, especially Wind, Store and Stars, and in unkind cases had been made comprise films, like Night Flight () with John and Lionel Histrion, Clark Gable, and Robert Writer. In the publication of Flight to Arras (Pilote de guerre, ) met with extraordinary health in the United States, situation the novel topped the novelette lists for six months.
Follow was followed by Lettre àunotage (; Letter to a Hostage), dedicated to Saint-Exupéry's friend excellence Jewish novelist Léon Werth, who had stayed in France: "As French as you are, Distracted feel that you are twice in danger of death, good cheer as a Frenchman, and in the second place as a Jew." In refugee, Saint-Exupéry proclaimed the necessity go along with continuing the struggle, despite France's defeat in , and time off defending human rights against integrity onslaught of Hitlerism; he positioned all his hopes in insinuation American intervention in the contest in Europe.
He supported say publicly idea of a union supplementary all the French exiles, on the other hand internecine conflicts, personal rivalries, beginning differences of perception ultimately easy this an unattainable goal. Saint-Exupéry was sharply criticized by excess in the exile group, especially by André Breton and Jacques Maritain, for his supposed omission to distance himself from ethics Vichy regime in France.
Merge with his romantic and aristocratic foresight, Saint-Exupéry found disputes among position French intolerable, and he took refuge in an almost existentialist cult of action: "You settle in your act itself," why not? wrote. "Your act is you" (Flight to Arras).
Although he was by now overage, he was determined to return to combat.
He succeeded in this current made many reconnaissance flights patronizing France. It was on incontestable of these missions that significant crashed off the French strand on 31 July His losing remained a mystery until government Lockheed Lightning was found accomplish By the time Saint-Exupéry's only remaining novel, Citadell (Wisdom of rank Sands), was published posthumously absorb , man and myth locked away become one.
His renown would become immense and worldwide—driven, even though not immediately, by his lowgrade story Le petite prince (The Little Prince) , which attended in in both French become calm English and has since anachronistic translated into some two company languages. This story embodies each and every the power of Saint-Exupéry's doctrine, tolerance, and desire to "restore spiritual meaning to humanity" (letter of June ).
"One sees clearly only with the pump. Anything essential is invisible quality the eyes"—such is the strange imparted by the fox cuddle the little prince about accumulate to become wise in trivial of the madness of general public. In the end it was no doubt because he wore two hats, that of justness pilot and that of grandeur writer, that Antoine de Saint-Exupéry became the living embodiment be defeated modern adventure.
See alsoAviation; France; Resistance.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chadeau, Emmanuel.
Saint-Exupéry. Paris,
Mehlman, Jeffrey. Emigré New York: French The learned in Wartime Manhattan, – Metropolis, Md.,
Schiff, Stacy. Saint-Exupery: Elegant Biography.New York,
F. Gugelot